حور العين
03-28-2016, 09:32 AM
من:الأخ / مــحــمــد نــجــيـــب
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
{ وَوَصَّيْنَا الإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهْنًا عَلَى وَهْنٍ
وَفِصَالُهُ فِي عَامَيْنِ أَنِ اشْكُرْ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيْكَ إِلَيَّ الْمَصِيرُ }
[ لقمان 14 ]
وقال ههنا :
{ وَوَصَّيْنَا الإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهْنًا عَلَى وَهْنٍ }
قال مجاهد : مشقة وهن الولد وقال قتادة جهدا على جهد
وقال عطاء الخراساني : ضعفا على ضعف
وقوله :
{ وَفِصَالُهُ فِي عَامَيْنِ }
أي تربيته وإرضاعه بعد وضعه في عامين كما قال تعالى :
{ وَالْوَالِدَاتُ يُرْضِعْنَ أَوْلادَهُنَّ حَوْلَيْنِ كَامِلَيْنِ لِمَنْ أَرَادَ أَن يُتِمَّ الرَّضَاعَةَ }
ومن ههنا استنبط ابن عباس وغيره من الأئمة أن أقل مدة الحمل ستة أشهر
لأنه قال في الآية الأخرى :
{ وَحَمْلُهُ وَفِصَالُهُ ثَلاثُونَ شَهْراً }
وإنما يذكر تعالى تربية الوالدة وتعبها ومشقتها في سهرها ليلا ونهارا
ليذكر الولد بإحسانها المتقدم إليه كما قال تعالى :
{ وَقُل رَّبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا رَبَّيَانِي صَغِيرًا }
ولهذا قال :
{ أَنِ اشْكُرْ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيْكَ إِلَيَّ الْمَصِيرُ }
أي فإني سأجزيك على ذلك أوفر جزاء
{ And We have enjoined on man ( to be dutiful and good )
to his parents. His mother bore him in weakness and hardship
upon weakness and hardship, and his weaning is in
two years - give thanks to Me and to your parents.
Unto Me is the final destination }
[ Luqman 31:14 ]
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَنْظَلِيُّ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ قَالَ:
إِسْحَقُ أَخْبَرَنَا وَقَالَ الْآخَرَانِ حَدَّثَنَا وَاللَّفْظُ لِابْنِ الْمُثَنَّى حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ :
حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ بْنِ أَوْفَى عَنْ أُسَيْرِ بْنِ جَابِرٍ قَالَ :
كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ إِذَا أَتَى عَلَيْهِ أَمْدَادُ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ سَأَلَهُمْ أَفِيكُمْ أُوَيْسُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ :
حَتَّى أَتَى عَلَى أُوَيْسٍ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ أُوَيْسُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ :
مِنْ مُرَادٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ قَرَنٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَكَانَ بِكَ بَرَصٌ فَبَرَأْتَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا مَوْضِعَ دِرْهَمٍ
قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ لَكَ وَالِدَةٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ :
( سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ :
يَأْتِي عَلَيْكُمْ أُوَيْسُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ مَعَ أَمْدَادِ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ مِنْ مُرَادٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ قَرَنٍ كَانَ بِهِ
بَرَصٌ فَبَرَأَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا مَوْضِعَ دِرْهَمٍ لَهُ وَالِدَةٌ هُوَ بِهَا بَرٌّ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لَأَبَرَّهُ
فَإِنْ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرَ لَكَ فَافْعَلْ فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِي فَاسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُ
فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ : أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ
قَالَ : الْكُوفَةَ
قَالَ : أَلَا أَكْتُبُ لَكَ إِلَى عَامِلِهَا
قَالَ : أَكُونُ فِي غَبْرَاءِ النَّاسِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ
قَالَ : فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنْ الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ حَجَّ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَشْرَافِهِمْ فَوَافَقَ عُمَرَ
فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ أُوَيْسٍ
قَالَ : تَرَكْتُهُ رَثَّ الْبَيْتِ قَلِيلَ الْمَتَاعِ
قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ :
يَأْتِي عَلَيْكُمْ أُوَيْسُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ مَعَ أَمْدَادِ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ مِنْ مُرَادٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ قَرَنٍ كَانَ بِهِ
بَرَصٌ فَبَرَأَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا مَوْضِعَ دِرْهَمٍ لَهُ وَالِدَةٌ هُوَ بِهَا بَرٌّ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لَأَبَرَّهُ
فَإِنْ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرَ لَكَ فَافْعَلْ فَأَتَى أُوَيْسًا
فَقَالَ اسْتَغْفِرْ لِي
قَالَ أَنْتَ أَحْدَثُ عَهْدًا بِسَفَرٍ صَالِحٍ فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِي
قَالَ اسْتَغْفِرْ لِي
قَالَ أَنْتَ أَحْدَثُ عَهْدًا بِسَفَرٍ صَالِحٍ فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِي
قَالَ لَقِيتَ عُمَرَ
قَالَ نَعَمْ فَاسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُ فَفَطِنَ لَهُ النَّاسُ فَانْطَلَقَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ
قَالَ أُسَيْرٌ وَكَسَوْتُهُ بُرْدَةً فَكَانَ كُلَّمَا رَآهُ إِنْسَانٌ قَالَ مِنْ أَيْنَ لِأُوَيْسٍ هَذِهِ الْبُرْدَةُ )
صحيح مسلم
( Usair b. Jabir reported that when people from Yemen came
to help ( the Muslim army at the time of jihad )
he ( Umar Bin AlKhattab ) asked them:
Is there amongst you Uwais b. 'Amir?
( He continued finding him out ) until he met Uwais.
He said: Are you Uwais b., Amir?
He said: Yes. He said: Are you from the tribe of Qaran?
He said: Yes. He (Hadrat) 'umar (again) said:
Did you suffer from leprosy and then you were cured from
it but for the space of a dirham? He said: Yes. He ('umar) said:
Is your mother (living)? He said: Yes. He ('umar) said:
I heard Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) say:
There would come to you Uwais b. Amir with the
reinforcement from the people of Yemen.
(He would be) from Qaran, (the branch) of Murad.
He had been suffering from leprosy from which he was cured
but for a spot of a dirham. His treatment with his mother
would have been excellent. If he were to take an oath in
the name of Allah, He would honour that.
And if it is possible for you, then do ask him to beg forgiveness
for you ( from your Lord ). So he (Uwais) begged forgiveness
for him. umar said: Where do you intend to go?
He said: To Kufa. He ('umar) said:
Let me write a letter for you to its governor,
whereupon he (Uwais) said:
I love to live amongst the poor people.
When it was the next year, a person from among the elite
( of Kufa ) performed Hajj and he met umar.
He asked him about Uwais. He said:
I left him in a state with meagre means of sustenance.
(Thereupon) umar said: I heard Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) as saying:
There would come to you Uwais b. 'Amir, of Qaran,
a branch (of the tribe) of Murid, along with the reinforcement
of the people of Yemen. He had been suffering from leprosy
which would have been cured but for the space of a dirham.
His treatment with his mother would have been very kind.
If he would take an oath in the name of Allah (for something)
He would honour it. Ask him to beg forgiveness for you
(from Allah) in case it is possible for you. So he came to Uwais
and said.: Beg forgiveness (from Allah) for me.
He (Uwais) said: You have just come from a sacred journey
(Hajj) ; you, therefore, ask forgiveness for me.
He (the person who had performed Hajj) said:
Ask forgiveness for me (from Allah). He (Uwais again) said:
You have just come from the sacred journey,
so you ask forgiveness for me. (Uwais further) said:
Did you meet umar? He said: Yes.
He (Uwais) then begged forgiveness for him (from Allah).
So the people came to know about (the status of religious piety)
of Uwais. He went away (from that place).
Usair said: His clothing consisted of a mantle,
and whosoever saw him said:
From where did Uwais get this mantle? )
[ Book # 031, Hadith # 6172 ]
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
{ وَوَصَّيْنَا الإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهْنًا عَلَى وَهْنٍ
وَفِصَالُهُ فِي عَامَيْنِ أَنِ اشْكُرْ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيْكَ إِلَيَّ الْمَصِيرُ }
[ لقمان 14 ]
وقال ههنا :
{ وَوَصَّيْنَا الإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهْنًا عَلَى وَهْنٍ }
قال مجاهد : مشقة وهن الولد وقال قتادة جهدا على جهد
وقال عطاء الخراساني : ضعفا على ضعف
وقوله :
{ وَفِصَالُهُ فِي عَامَيْنِ }
أي تربيته وإرضاعه بعد وضعه في عامين كما قال تعالى :
{ وَالْوَالِدَاتُ يُرْضِعْنَ أَوْلادَهُنَّ حَوْلَيْنِ كَامِلَيْنِ لِمَنْ أَرَادَ أَن يُتِمَّ الرَّضَاعَةَ }
ومن ههنا استنبط ابن عباس وغيره من الأئمة أن أقل مدة الحمل ستة أشهر
لأنه قال في الآية الأخرى :
{ وَحَمْلُهُ وَفِصَالُهُ ثَلاثُونَ شَهْراً }
وإنما يذكر تعالى تربية الوالدة وتعبها ومشقتها في سهرها ليلا ونهارا
ليذكر الولد بإحسانها المتقدم إليه كما قال تعالى :
{ وَقُل رَّبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا رَبَّيَانِي صَغِيرًا }
ولهذا قال :
{ أَنِ اشْكُرْ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيْكَ إِلَيَّ الْمَصِيرُ }
أي فإني سأجزيك على ذلك أوفر جزاء
{ And We have enjoined on man ( to be dutiful and good )
to his parents. His mother bore him in weakness and hardship
upon weakness and hardship, and his weaning is in
two years - give thanks to Me and to your parents.
Unto Me is the final destination }
[ Luqman 31:14 ]
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَنْظَلِيُّ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ قَالَ:
إِسْحَقُ أَخْبَرَنَا وَقَالَ الْآخَرَانِ حَدَّثَنَا وَاللَّفْظُ لِابْنِ الْمُثَنَّى حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ :
حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ زُرَارَةَ بْنِ أَوْفَى عَنْ أُسَيْرِ بْنِ جَابِرٍ قَالَ :
كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ إِذَا أَتَى عَلَيْهِ أَمْدَادُ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ سَأَلَهُمْ أَفِيكُمْ أُوَيْسُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ :
حَتَّى أَتَى عَلَى أُوَيْسٍ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ أُوَيْسُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ :
مِنْ مُرَادٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ قَرَنٍ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَكَانَ بِكَ بَرَصٌ فَبَرَأْتَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا مَوْضِعَ دِرْهَمٍ
قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ لَكَ وَالِدَةٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ :
( سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ :
يَأْتِي عَلَيْكُمْ أُوَيْسُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ مَعَ أَمْدَادِ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ مِنْ مُرَادٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ قَرَنٍ كَانَ بِهِ
بَرَصٌ فَبَرَأَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا مَوْضِعَ دِرْهَمٍ لَهُ وَالِدَةٌ هُوَ بِهَا بَرٌّ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لَأَبَرَّهُ
فَإِنْ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرَ لَكَ فَافْعَلْ فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِي فَاسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُ
فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ : أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ
قَالَ : الْكُوفَةَ
قَالَ : أَلَا أَكْتُبُ لَكَ إِلَى عَامِلِهَا
قَالَ : أَكُونُ فِي غَبْرَاءِ النَّاسِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ
قَالَ : فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنْ الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ حَجَّ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَشْرَافِهِمْ فَوَافَقَ عُمَرَ
فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ أُوَيْسٍ
قَالَ : تَرَكْتُهُ رَثَّ الْبَيْتِ قَلِيلَ الْمَتَاعِ
قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ :
يَأْتِي عَلَيْكُمْ أُوَيْسُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ مَعَ أَمْدَادِ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ مِنْ مُرَادٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ قَرَنٍ كَانَ بِهِ
بَرَصٌ فَبَرَأَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا مَوْضِعَ دِرْهَمٍ لَهُ وَالِدَةٌ هُوَ بِهَا بَرٌّ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لَأَبَرَّهُ
فَإِنْ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرَ لَكَ فَافْعَلْ فَأَتَى أُوَيْسًا
فَقَالَ اسْتَغْفِرْ لِي
قَالَ أَنْتَ أَحْدَثُ عَهْدًا بِسَفَرٍ صَالِحٍ فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِي
قَالَ اسْتَغْفِرْ لِي
قَالَ أَنْتَ أَحْدَثُ عَهْدًا بِسَفَرٍ صَالِحٍ فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِي
قَالَ لَقِيتَ عُمَرَ
قَالَ نَعَمْ فَاسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُ فَفَطِنَ لَهُ النَّاسُ فَانْطَلَقَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ
قَالَ أُسَيْرٌ وَكَسَوْتُهُ بُرْدَةً فَكَانَ كُلَّمَا رَآهُ إِنْسَانٌ قَالَ مِنْ أَيْنَ لِأُوَيْسٍ هَذِهِ الْبُرْدَةُ )
صحيح مسلم
( Usair b. Jabir reported that when people from Yemen came
to help ( the Muslim army at the time of jihad )
he ( Umar Bin AlKhattab ) asked them:
Is there amongst you Uwais b. 'Amir?
( He continued finding him out ) until he met Uwais.
He said: Are you Uwais b., Amir?
He said: Yes. He said: Are you from the tribe of Qaran?
He said: Yes. He (Hadrat) 'umar (again) said:
Did you suffer from leprosy and then you were cured from
it but for the space of a dirham? He said: Yes. He ('umar) said:
Is your mother (living)? He said: Yes. He ('umar) said:
I heard Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) say:
There would come to you Uwais b. Amir with the
reinforcement from the people of Yemen.
(He would be) from Qaran, (the branch) of Murad.
He had been suffering from leprosy from which he was cured
but for a spot of a dirham. His treatment with his mother
would have been excellent. If he were to take an oath in
the name of Allah, He would honour that.
And if it is possible for you, then do ask him to beg forgiveness
for you ( from your Lord ). So he (Uwais) begged forgiveness
for him. umar said: Where do you intend to go?
He said: To Kufa. He ('umar) said:
Let me write a letter for you to its governor,
whereupon he (Uwais) said:
I love to live amongst the poor people.
When it was the next year, a person from among the elite
( of Kufa ) performed Hajj and he met umar.
He asked him about Uwais. He said:
I left him in a state with meagre means of sustenance.
(Thereupon) umar said: I heard Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) as saying:
There would come to you Uwais b. 'Amir, of Qaran,
a branch (of the tribe) of Murid, along with the reinforcement
of the people of Yemen. He had been suffering from leprosy
which would have been cured but for the space of a dirham.
His treatment with his mother would have been very kind.
If he would take an oath in the name of Allah (for something)
He would honour it. Ask him to beg forgiveness for you
(from Allah) in case it is possible for you. So he came to Uwais
and said.: Beg forgiveness (from Allah) for me.
He (Uwais) said: You have just come from a sacred journey
(Hajj) ; you, therefore, ask forgiveness for me.
He (the person who had performed Hajj) said:
Ask forgiveness for me (from Allah). He (Uwais again) said:
You have just come from the sacred journey,
so you ask forgiveness for me. (Uwais further) said:
Did you meet umar? He said: Yes.
He (Uwais) then begged forgiveness for him (from Allah).
So the people came to know about (the status of religious piety)
of Uwais. He went away (from that place).
Usair said: His clothing consisted of a mantle,
and whosoever saw him said:
From where did Uwais get this mantle? )
[ Book # 031, Hadith # 6172 ]